Authors/Aristotle/metaphysics/l5/c13

Chapter 13 Quantum

Greek	Latin	English
ποσὸν λέγεται τὸ διαιρετὸν εἰς ἐνυπάρχοντα ὧν ἑκάτερον ἢ ἕκαστον ἕν τι καὶ τόδε τι πέφυκεν εἶναι. πλῆθος μὲν οὖν ποσόν τι ἐὰν ἀριθμητὸν ᾖ, μέγεθος δὲ ἂν μετρητὸν [10] ᾖ.	Quantum dicitur quod est divisibile in ea quae insunt, quorum utrumque aut singulum unum aliquid et hoc aliquid * natum est esse. Multitudo ergo quantum aliquid si numera↵bilis fuerit, magnitudo autem si mensurabilis fuerit.	Chapter 13. Quantum means that which is divisible into two or more constituent parts of which each is by nature a one and a this . A quantum is a plurality if it is numerable, a magnitude if it is a measurable.
λέγεται δὲ πλῆθος μὲν τὸ διαιρετὸν δυνάμει εἰς μὴ συνεχῆ, μέγεθος δὲ τὸ εἰς συνεχῆ: μεγέθους δὲ τὸ μὲν ἐφ᾽ ἓν συνεχὲς μῆκος τὸ δ᾽ ἐπὶ δύο πλάτος τὸ δ᾽ ἐπὶ τρία βάθος. τούτων δὲ πλῆθος μὲν τὸ πεπερασμένον ἀριθμὸς μῆκος δὲ γραμμὴ πλάτος δὲ ἐπιφάνεια βάθος δὲ σῶμα.	Dicitur autem multitudo quidem * divisibile potestate in non continua, magnitudo autem quod in continua; magnitudinis vero quae quidem ad unum continua longitudo, quae autem ad duo latitudo, quae autem ad tria profunditas. Horum autem pluralitas quidem finita numerus, sed longitudo linea et latitudo superficies et profundum corpus.	Plurality means that which is divisible potentially into non-continuous parts, magnitude that which is divisible into continuous parts; of magnitude, that which is continuous in one dimension is length; in two breadth, in three depth. Of these, limited plurality is number, limited length is a line, breadth a surface, depth a solid.
ἔτι τὰ [15] μὲν λέγεται καθ᾽ αὑτὰ ποσά, τὰ δὲ κατὰ συμβεβηκός, οἷον ἡ μὲν γραμμὴ ποσόν τι καθ᾽ ἑαυτό, τὸ δὲ μουσικὸν κατὰ συμβεβηκός.	↵ Amplius alia dicuntur secundum se quanta quaedam, alia secundum accidens, ut linea quantum aliquid secundum se, musicum vero secundum accidens.	Again, some things are called quanta in virtue of their own nature, others incidentally; e.g. the line is a quantum by its own nature, the musical is one incidentally.
τῶν δὲ καθ᾽ αὑτὰ τὰ μὲν κατ᾽ οὐσίαν ἐστίν, οἷον ἡ γραμμὴ ποσόν τι (ἐν γὰρ τῷ λόγῳ τῷ [19] τί ἐστι λέγοντι τὸ ποσόν τι ὑπάρχει), τὰ δὲ πάθη καὶ ἕξεις [20] τῆς τοιαύτης ἐστὶν οὐσίας, οἷον τὸ πολὺ καὶ τὸ ὀλίγον, καὶ μακρὸν καὶ βραχύ, καὶ πλατὺ καὶ στενόν, καὶ βαθὺ καὶ ταπεινόν, καὶ βαρὺ καὶ κοῦφον, καὶ τὰ ἄλλα τὰ τοιαῦτα. ἔστι δὲ καὶ τὸ μέγα καὶ τὸ μικρὸν καὶ μεῖζον καὶ ἔλαττον, καὶ καθ᾽ αὑτὰ καὶ πρὸς ἄλληλα λεγόμενα, τοῦ [25] ποσοῦ πάθη καθ᾽ αὑτά: μεταφέρονται μέντοι καὶ ἐπ᾽ ἄλλα ταῦτα τὰ ὀνόματα.	Eorum vero quae secundum se sunt alia secundum substantiam sunt, ut linea quantum quid (nam in ratione quid est dicente quantum quid existit), alia ↵ passiones et habitus talis sunt substantiae, ut multum et paucum, et productum et breve, et latum et strictum, et profundum et humile, et grave et leve, et alia talia. Sunt autem et magnum et parvum et maius et minus, et secundum se et ad invicem ↵ dicta, quanti passiones secundum se; transferuntur etiam et ƿ ad alia haec nomina.	Of the things that are quanta by their own nature some are so as substances, e.g. the line is a quantum (for a certain kind of quantum is present in the definition which states what it is), and others are modifications and states of this kind of substance, e.g. much and little, long and short, broad and narrow, deep and shallow, heavy and light, and all other such attributes. And also great and small, and greater and smaller, both in themselves and when taken relatively to each other, are by their own nature attributes of what is quantitative; but these names are transferred to other things also.
τῶν δὲ κατὰ συμβεβηκὸς λεγομένων ποσῶν τὰ μὲν οὕτως λέγεται ὥσπερ ἐλέχθη ὅτι τὸ μουσικὸν ποσὸν καὶ τὸ λευκὸν τῷ εἶναι ποσόν τι ᾧ ὑπάρχουσι, τὰ δὲ ὡς κίνησις καὶ χρόνος: καὶ γὰρ ταῦτα πός᾽ ἄττα λέγεται [30] καὶ συνεχῆ τῷ ἐκεῖνα διαιρετὰ εἶναι ὧν ἐστὶ ταῦτα πάθη. λέγω δὲ οὐ τὸ κινούμενον ἀλλ᾽ ὃ ἐκινήθη: τῷ γὰρ ποσὸν εἶναι ἐκεῖνο καὶ ἡ κίνησις ποσή, ὁ δὲ χρόνος τῷ ταύτην.	Secundum accidens vero dictorum quantorum hoc quidem sic dicitur sicut dictum est quia musicum quantum * et album per esse quantum quid cui insunt, haec autem ut motus et tempus; et enim haec quanta quaedam dicuntur et continua eo quod illa divisibilia sint quorum sunt ↵ haec passiones. Dico autem non quod movetur sed quod motum est; nam per esse quantum illud et motus est quantus, tempus vero per * ipsum.	Of things that are quanta incidentally, some are so called in the sense in which it was said that the musical and the white were quanta, viz. because that to which musicalness and whiteness belong is a quantum, and some are quanta in the way in which movement and time are so; for these also are called quanta of a sort and continuous because the things of which these are attributes are divisible. I mean not that which is moved, but the space through which it is moved; for because that is a quantum movement also is a quantum, and because this is a quantum time is one.