Authors/Ockham/Summa Logicae/Book III-2

PART III-2: OF DEMONSTRATION

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Terms and the conditions required of them in order that their propositions form part of demonstration

• Chapter 1 What is understood by the term "demonstration," and in how many ways is "to know" predicated?
• Chapter 2 What terms are included in a demonstration?
• Chapter 3 What does a demonstrator have to cognize beforehand?

The propositions in a demonstration

• Chapter 4 Of the division of propositions required for demonstration.
• Chapter 5 On the properties of propositions required for demonstration, and how this is from indestructible things.
• Chapter 6 What is ‘being of all’, and in what way can premises and conclusions of demonstrations ‘be of all’?
• Chapter 7 In what way are propositions required for demonstration called per se?

Of the propositions that are necessary for demonstration

• Chapter 8 What is a proposition that is true-primarily?
• Chapter 9 On properties of a conclusion that cannot belong to all the premises.
• Chapter 10 On the way to knowing through experience
• Chapter 11 On knowledge beforehand
• Chapter 12 What proposition can be the conclusion of a demonstration
• Chapter 13 On properties of principles involved in a demonstration
• Chapter 14 What properties are said to be immediate
• Chapter 15 How principles are said to be the cause of the conclusion
• Chapter 16 On things that agree in general with the principles of a demonstration

Of demonstration itself

• Chapter 17 On two types of demonstration: a priori and a posteriori
• Chapter 18 On objections to what has just been said
• Chapter 19 How a priori and a posteriori demonstration differ in general
• Chapter 20 In how many ways do a posteriori and a priori demonstration differ?
• Chapter 21 On another difference between a posteriori and a priori demonstration
• Chapter 22 Conclusions pertinent to this science

The questions answered in demonstration

• Chapter 23 On science and a priori demonstration and how many questions there are
• Chapter 24 On objections to what has been said
• Chapter 25 How different questions may be settled in different ways
• Chapter 26 On doubtful propositions about inherence
• Chapter 27 Whether the being of a thing and the essence of a thing are two things outside the soul distinct from each other

'What something is' and demonstration

• Chapter 28 How the question what is is settled, and first on definition
• Chapter 29 Concerning definition expressing the quid of a thing
• Chapter 30 How a proposition where a difference is predicated of the absolute species can be demonstrated
• Chapter 31 That a definition cannot be demonstrated of the defined from what is prior
• Chapter 32 On definition given per additamentum – how is it known of what is defined?
• Chapter 33 On connotative definata – how are they defined?
• Chapter 34 How can definitions of connotatives be cognised of what is defined?

'Whether something is so'

• Chapter 35 How the question quia est is settled ..
• Chapter 36 How an attribute is demonstrable of its primary subject
• Chapter 37 How an attribute can be demonstrated of the inferiors of its primary subject without any determination
• Chapter 38 On an attribute conveying the same thing directly ..
• Chapter 39 How it is possible to demonstrate through all causes
• Chapter 40 On attributes that signify obliquely part of what is signified by the subject

How the question of 'what something is', is settled

• Chapter 41 How the question quid est is settled